From 29951cccd12d9139685ade7a9a1163d9f44d1a03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: nhmall <nhmall@nethack.org>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 13:03:31 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] add support for optional builder-created make.prefs

Set things up so that the Makefile build will look for 'make.prefs'
at the top of the NetHack source tree.

If 'make.prefs' is present, the Makefile build will include it
just ahead of the PRE section of a hints file specified to
sys/unix/setup.sh, or practically the first thing during a
Makefile build if no hints file was specified.

The advantage of using a 'make.prefs' is that instead of putting a
series of Makefile variable value assignments on the command line
each time, like this:
    make WANT_WIN_X11=1 WANT_WIN_TTY=1 WANT_WIN_CURSES=1 c2x=1 resp=1 update
you can, instead, put those preferences into make.prefs, like this:

# start of make.prefs
WANT_WIN_X11=1
WANT_WIN_TTY=1
WANT_WIN_CURSES=1
c2x=1
resp=1
# end of make.prefs

Now, my make command just needs to specify a target:
    make update

The syntax for checking whether make.prefs exists, and for including
it, is GNU make, or bsd make, specific, so sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh will
insert the correct syntax for the make that is in-use when
sys/unix/setup.sh is executed.

The 'make.prefs' file isn't limited to Makefile variable assignments, and
can contain any valid make syntax for the version of make on your system,
but adding make syntax beyond Makefile variable assignment will cause
your make.prefs file to become specific to that version of make. There
are syntactical differences between GNU make and bsd make, particularly
for directives and conditional tests.

The 'make.prefs' file can potentially eliminate much/all of the manual
editing of distributed repository Makefiles or hints files that you, as
a NetHack developer or builder, might routinely carry out.
You have the option of placing your preference changes in 'make.prefs'
instead.

Related reference for .500 hints file variables:

In the NetHack source tree:
sys/unix/README.hints

On GitHub:
https://github.com/NetHack/NetHack/blob/NetHack-5.0/sys/unix/README-hints

For example, on macOS, where GNU make is being used, and I typically
set things up using the macOS.500 hints file:
    sys/unix/setup.sh sys/unix/hints/macOS.500
I might have the following make.prefs in the root of my NetHack source tree:
#---- snip -------
$(info Attention - Using make.prefs)
WANT_MACSOUND=1
resp=1
#---- end-snip ---

For another example, on Linux, where GNU make is being used, and I
typically set things up using the linux.500 hints file:
    sys/unix/setup.sh sys/unix/hints/linux.500
I might have the following make.prefs file in the root of my NetHack
source tree:
#---- snip -------
$(info Using make.prefs)
WANT_WIN_X11=1
WANT_WIN_TTY=1
WANT_WIN_CURSES=1
c2x=1
resp=1
#---- end-snip ---
---
 .gitignore                          |   1 +
 sys/unix/Makefile.src               | 188 ++++++++++++++--------------
 sys/unix/Makefile.utl               |   3 +-
 sys/unix/hints/include/multiw-2.500 |   3 -
 sys/unix/hints/linux.500            |   3 +-
 sys/unix/hints/macOS.500            |   2 +-
 sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh                |  32 +++++
 sys/unix/setup.sh                   |  17 ++-
 8 files changed, 145 insertions(+), 104 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 5615fe332..ab0e33e93 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ Makefile.gcc
 Makefile-orig
 Makefile.bcc-orig
 Makefile.gcc-orig
+make.prefs
 *.suo
 *.pdb
 *.ilk
diff --git a/sys/unix/Makefile.src b/sys/unix/Makefile.src
index 519894b13..9d7a82e29 100644
--- a/sys/unix/Makefile.src
+++ b/sys/unix/Makefile.src
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 # NetHack may be freely redistributed.  See license for details.
 
 # Root of source tree:
-NHSROOT=..
+NHSROOT ?=..
+SRCDIR = $(NHSROOT)/src
 
 # newer makes predefine $(MAKE) to 'make' and do smarter processing of
 # recursive make calls if $(MAKE) is used
@@ -41,37 +42,37 @@ SHELL=/bin/sh
 # SHELL=E:/GEMINI2/MUPFEL.TTP
 
 # Usually, the C compiler driver is used for linking:
-#LINK=$(CC)
+#LINK ?=$(CC)
 
 # If we're cross-compiling, a hints file will override this
 # to a unique target directory, but otherwise it just goes in
 # ../src
-TARGETPFX=
+TARGETPFX ?=
 
 # Pick the SYSSRC and SYSOBJ lines corresponding to your desired operating
 # system.
 #
 # for UNIX systems
-SYSSRC = ../sys/share/ioctl.c ../sys/share/unixtty.c ../sys/unix/unixmain.c \
+SYSSRC ?= ../sys/share/ioctl.c ../sys/share/unixtty.c ../sys/unix/unixmain.c \
 	../sys/unix/unixunix.c ../sys/unix/unixres.c
-SYSOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)ioctl.o $(TARGETPFX)unixmain.o $(TARGETPFX)unixtty.o \
+SYSOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)ioctl.o $(TARGETPFX)unixmain.o $(TARGETPFX)unixtty.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)unixunix.o $(TARGETPFX)unixres.o
 #
 # for Systos
-# SYSSRC = ../sys/atari/tos.c ../sys/share/pcmain.c ../sys/share/pcsys.c \
+# SYSSRC ?= ../sys/atari/tos.c ../sys/share/pcmain.c ../sys/share/pcsys.c \
 #	../sys/share/pctty.c ../sys/share/pcunix.c
-# SYSOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)tos.o $(TARGETPFX)pcmain.o $(TARGETPFX)pcsys.o \
+# SYSOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)tos.o $(TARGETPFX)pcmain.o $(TARGETPFX)pcsys.o \
 #	$(TARGETPFX)pctty.o $(TARGETPFX)pcunix.o
 #
 # for BeOS
-#SYSSRC = ../sys/be/bemain.c ../sys/share/unixtty.c ../sys/share/ioctl.c
-#SYSOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)bemain.o $(TARGETPFX)unixtty.o $(TARGETPFX)ioctl.o
+#SYSSRC ?= ../sys/be/bemain.c ../sys/share/unixtty.c ../sys/share/ioctl.c
+#SYSOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)bemain.o $(TARGETPFX)unixtty.o $(TARGETPFX)ioctl.o
 
 
 # NetHack 5.0 began introducing C99 code.
 #
 # If your compiler needs an appropriate switch to accept C99 code.
-# CSTD = -std=c99
+# CSTD ?= -std=c99
 
 # if you are using gcc as your compiler:
 #	uncomment the CC definition below if it's not in your environment
@@ -192,8 +193,8 @@ SYSOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)ioctl.o $(TARGETPFX)unixmain.o $(TARGETPFX)unixtty.o \
 CFLAGS ?= -I../include
 LINK ?= $(CC)
 
-AR = ar
-ARFLAGS = rcs
+AR ?= ar
+ARFLAGS ?= rcs
 
 # The Qt and Be window systems are written in C++, while the rest of
 # NetHack is standard C.  If using Qt, uncomment the LINK line here to get
@@ -210,15 +211,15 @@ MOCPATH ?= $(QTDIR)/bin/$(MOC)
 # The default is for the TARGET_* variables to match the defaults.
 # If we're cross-compiling these will get overridden elsewhere, likely via
 # a hints file. TARGETPFX was set above earlier.
-TARGET_CC = $(CC)
-TARGET_CFLAGS = $(CFLAGS) $(CSTD)
-TARGET_LINK = $(LINK)
-TARGET_LFLAGS = $(LFLAGS)
-TARGET_CXX = $(CXX)
-TARGET_CXXFLAGS = $(CXXFLAGS)
-TARGET_LIBS = $(LIBS)
-TARGET_AR = $(AR)
-TARGET_ARFLAGS = $(ARFLAGS)
+TARGET_CC ?= $(CC)
+TARGET_CFLAGS ?= $(CFLAGS) $(CSTD)
+TARGET_LINK ?= $(LINK)
+TARGET_LFLAGS ?= $(LFLAGS)
+TARGET_CXX ?= $(CXX)
+TARGET_CXXFLAGS ?= $(CXXFLAGS)
+TARGET_LIBS ?= $(LIBS)
+TARGET_AR ?= $(AR)
+TARGET_ARFLAGS ?= $(ARFLAGS)
 
 # we specify C preprocessor flags via CFLAGS; files built with default rules
 # might include $(CPPFLAGS) which could get a value from user's environment;
@@ -227,42 +228,38 @@ CPPFLAGS =
 
 # file for regular expression matching
 REGEXOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)posixregex.o
-#REGEXOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)pmatchregex.o
-#REGEXOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)cppregex.o
+#REGEXOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)pmatchregex.o
+#REGEXOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)cppregex.o
 
-TILECFILE ?= tile.c
-TILEOFILE ?=
+GENTILECFILE = tile.c
+GENTILEOFILE = $(TARGETPFX)tile.o
 
 # Set the WINSRC, WINOBJ, and WINLIB lines to correspond to your desired
 # combination of windowing systems.  Also set matching USE_x_GRAPHICS in
-# config.h.  Note that if you are building for any window system which
-# uses tiles, uncomment '#$(TARGETPFX)tile.o' (by removing the '#') in that
-# system's WINxOBJ (WINX11OBJ or WINQTOBJ or WINQT3OBJ).  If you are building
-# nethack with support for multiple window systems, only uncomment that for
-# one of them to avoid duplicate tile.o.
+# config.h.
 #
 # files for a straight tty port using no native windowing system
-WINTTYSRC = ../win/tty/getline.c ../win/tty/termcap.c ../win/tty/topl.c \
+WINTTYSRC ?= ../win/tty/getline.c ../win/tty/termcap.c ../win/tty/topl.c \
 	../win/tty/wintty.c
-WINTTYOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)getline.o $(TARGETPFX)termcap.o $(TARGETPFX)topl.o \
+WINTTYOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)getline.o $(TARGETPFX)termcap.o $(TARGETPFX)topl.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)wintty.o
 #
 # Files for curses interface
-WINCURSESSRC = ../win/curses/cursmain.c ../win/curses/curswins.c \
+WINCURSESSRC ?= ../win/curses/cursmain.c ../win/curses/curswins.c \
 	../win/curses/cursmisc.c ../win/curses/cursdial.c \
 	../win/curses/cursstat.c ../win/curses/cursinit.c \
 	../win/curses/cursmesg.c ../win/curses/cursinvt.c
-WINCURSESOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)cursmain.o $(TARGETPFX)curswins.o \
+WINCURSESOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)cursmain.o $(TARGETPFX)curswins.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)cursmisc.o $(TARGETPFX)cursdial.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)cursstat.o $(TARGETPFX)cursinit.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)cursmesg.o $(TARGETPFX)cursinvt.o
 #
 # files for an X11 port
 # (tile.c is a generated source file)
-WINX11SRC = ../win/X11/Window.c ../win/X11/dialogs.c ../win/X11/winX.c \
+WINX11SRC ?= ../win/X11/Window.c ../win/X11/dialogs.c ../win/X11/winX.c \
 	../win/X11/winmap.c  ../win/X11/winmenu.c ../win/X11/winmesg.c \
 	../win/X11/winmisc.c ../win/X11/winstat.c ../win/X11/wintext.c \
-	../win/X11/winval.c tile.c
+	../win/X11/winval.c $(GENTILECFILE)
 WINX11OBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)Window.o $(TARGETPFX)dialogs.o $(TARGETPFX)winX.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)winmap.o $(TARGETPFX)winmenu.o $(TARGETPFX)winmesg.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)winmisc.o $(TARGETPFX)winstat.o $(TARGETPFX)wintext.o \
@@ -273,7 +270,7 @@ WINX11OBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)Window.o $(TARGETPFX)dialogs.o $(TARGETPFX)winX.o \
 #WINQT3SRC = ../win/Qt3/qt3_win.cpp ../win/Qt3/qt3_clust.cpp \
 #	../win/Qt3/qt3tableview.cpp
 #WINQT3OBJ = $(TARGETPFX)qt3_win.o $(TARGETPFX)qt3_clust.o \
-#	$(TARGETPFX)qt3tableview.o #$(TARGETPFX)tile.o
+#	$(TARGETPFX)qt3tableview.o $(GENTILEOFILE)
 # empty values for 'make depend'
 WINQT3SRC =
 WINQT3OBJ =
@@ -283,9 +280,9 @@ WINQT3OBJ =
 #
 # generated source files made by Qt's 'moc' program from ../win/Qt/qt_*.h;
 # appended to WINQTSRC for use by 'make depend'
-WINQTMOC = qt_kde0.moc qt_main.moc qt_map.moc qt_menu.moc qt_msg.moc \
+WINQTMOC ?= qt_kde0.moc qt_main.moc qt_map.moc qt_menu.moc qt_msg.moc \
 	qt_plsel.moc qt_set.moc qt_stat.moc qt_xcmd.moc qt_yndlg.moc
-WINQTSRC = ../win/Qt/qt_bind.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_click.cpp \
+WINQTSRC ?= ../win/Qt/qt_bind.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_click.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_clust.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_delay.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_glyph.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_icon.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_inv.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_key.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_line.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_main.cpp \
@@ -293,7 +290,7 @@ WINQTSRC = ../win/Qt/qt_bind.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_click.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_plsel.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_rip.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_set.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_stat.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_str.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_streq.cpp \
 	../win/Qt/qt_svsel.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_win.cpp ../win/Qt/qt_xcmd.cpp \
-	../win/Qt/qt_yndlg.cpp $(WINQTMOC) tile.c
+	../win/Qt/qt_yndlg.cpp $(WINQTMOC) $(GENTILECFILE)
 WINQTOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)qt_bind.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_click.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)qt_clust.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_delay.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)qt_glyph.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_icon.o \
@@ -302,23 +299,22 @@ WINQTOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)qt_bind.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_click.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)qt_msg.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_plsel.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_rip.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)qt_set.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_stat.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_str.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)qt_streq.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_svsel.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_win.o \
-	$(TARGETPFX)qt_xcmd.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_yndlg.o #$(TARGETPFX)tile.o
+	$(TARGETPFX)qt_xcmd.o $(TARGETPFX)qt_yndlg.o $(GENTILEOFILE)
 
 # Files for Shim windowing interface for libnh -- doesn't do anything,
 # just passes along the API calls to the library
 #
-WINSHIMSRC = ../win/shim/winshim.c
-WINSHIMOBJ = winshim.o
+WINSHIMSRC ?= ../win/shim/winshim.c
+WINSHIMOBJ ?= winshim.o
 
 #
 # Files for a BeOS InterfaceKit port -- not ready for prime time
-WINBESRC =
-WINBEOBJ =
+WINBESRC ?=
+WINBEOBJ ?=
 #WINBESRC = ../win/BeOS/winbe.cpp ../win/BeOS/NHWindow.cpp \
-#	../win/BeOS/NHMenuWindow.cpp ../win/BeOS/NHMapWindow.cpp tile.c
+#	../win/BeOS/NHMenuWindow.cpp ../win/BeOS/NHMapWindow.cpp $(GENTILECFILE)
 #WINBEOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)winbe.o $(TARGETPFX)NHWindow.o \
-#	$(TARGETPFX)NHMenuWindow.o $(TARGETPFX)NHMapWindow.o \
-#	$(TARGETPFX)tile.o
+#	$(TARGETPFX)NHMenuWindow.o $(TARGETPFX)NHMapWindow.o $(GENTILEOFILE)
 #
 #
 #WINSRC = $(WINTTYSRC)
@@ -356,16 +352,16 @@ WINBEOBJ =
 WINQT3LIB = -L$(QTDIR)/lib -lqt
 #
 # libraries for Qt 4
-WINQT4LIB = `pkg-config QtGui --libs`
+WINQT4LIB ?= `pkg-config QtGui --libs`
 #
 # libraries for Qt 5 (use with WINQTSRC and WINQTOBJ)
-WINQT5LIB = `pkg-config Qt5Gui Qt5Widgets Qt5Multimedia --libs`
+WINQT5LIB ?= `pkg-config Qt5Gui Qt5Widgets Qt5Multimedia --libs`
 #
 # libraries for KDE (with Qt)
-WINKDELIB = -lkdecore -lkdeui -lXext
+WINKDELIB ?= -lkdecore -lkdeui -lXext
 #
 # libraries for BeOS
-WINBELIB = -lbe
+WINBELIB ?= -lbe
 #
 # libraries for curses port
 # link with ncurses
@@ -418,14 +414,14 @@ WINOBJ ?= $(WINTTYOBJ)
 WINLIB ?= $(WINTTYLIB) -lncurses
 
 # make NetHack
-GAME     = nethack
+GAME     ?= nethack
 # GAME     = nethack.prg
-GAMEBIN = $(GAME)
+GAMEBIN ?= $(GAME)
 
 # if you defined RANDOM in unixconf.h since your system did not come
 # with a reasonable random number generator
 # RANDOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)random.o
-RANDOBJ =
+RANDOBJ ?=
 
 # used by `make depend' to reconstruct this Makefile; you shouldn't need this
 # at all but can override with 'make AWK=nawk' or 'make AWK=gawk' if necessary
@@ -494,22 +490,22 @@ AT = $(AT_V$(QUIETCC))
 
 # verbosity-adjacent; these will already have 'real' values if hints have
 # set up cross-compiling, in which case these assignments will be no-ops
-PREGAME=@true
-PACKAGE=@true
+PREGAME ?=@true
+PACKAGE ?=@true
 
-HACKLIBSRC = hacklib.c
-HACKLIBOBJS = hacklib.o
-HACKLIB = hacklib.a
-TARGET_HACKLIB = $(TARGETPFX)hacklib.a
+HACKLIBSRC ?= hacklib.c
+HACKLIBOBJS ?= hacklib.o
+HACKLIB ?= hacklib.a
+TARGET_HACKLIB ?= $(TARGETPFX)hacklib.a
 
-MAKEDEFS = ../util/makedefs
+MAKEDEFS ?= ../util/makedefs
 
 # -lm required by lua
 LUA_VERSION ?=5.4.8
-LUABASE = liblua-$(LUA_VERSION).a
-LUALIB = ../lib/lua/$(LUABASE)
-LUALIBS = $(LUALIB) -lm $(DLLIB)
-LUAHEADERS = lib/lua-$(LUA_VERSION)/src
+LUABASE ?= liblua-$(LUA_VERSION).a
+LUALIB ?= ../lib/lua/$(LUABASE)
+LUALIBS ?= $(LUALIB) -lm $(DLLIB)
+LUAHEADERS ?= lib/lua-$(LUA_VERSION)/src
 
 # timestamp files to reduce `make' overhead and shorten .o dependency lists
 CONFIG_H = ../src/config.h-t
@@ -517,7 +513,7 @@ HACK_H	= ../src/hack.h-t
 
 # all .c that are part of the main NetHack program and are not operating- or
 # windowing-system specific. Do not include date.c in this list.
-HACKCSRC = allmain.c alloc.c apply.c artifact.c attrib.c ball.c bones.c \
+HACKCSRC ?= allmain.c alloc.c apply.c artifact.c attrib.c ball.c bones.c \
 	   botl.c calendar.c cmd.c coloratt.c dbridge.c decl.c detect.c dig.c display.c \
 	   dlb.c do.c do_name.c do_wear.c dog.c dogmove.c dokick.c dothrow.c \
 	   drawing.c dungeon.c earlyarg.c eat.c end.c engrave.c exper.c explode.c \
@@ -537,40 +533,40 @@ HACKCSRC = allmain.c alloc.c apply.c artifact.c attrib.c ball.c bones.c \
 	   windows.c wizard.c wizcmds.c worm.c worn.c write.c zap.c
 
 # all operating-system-dependent .c (for dependencies and such)
-SYSCSRC = ../sys/share/pcmain.c ../sys/share/pcsys.c \
+SYSCSRC ?= ../sys/share/pcmain.c ../sys/share/pcsys.c \
 	../sys/share/pctty.c ../sys/share/pcunix.c \
 	../sys/share/pmatchregex.c ../sys/share/posixregex.c \
 	../sys/share/random.c \
 	../sys/share/ioctl.c ../sys/share/unixtty.c ../sys/unix/unixmain.c \
 	../sys/unix/unixunix.c ../sys/unix/unixres.c
-SYSCXXSRC = ../sys/share/cppregex.cpp
+SYSCXXSRC ?= ../sys/share/cppregex.cpp
 
 # generated source files (tile.c is handled separately via WINxxxSRC)
-GENCSRC = #tile.c
+GENCSRC ?= #tile.c
 
 # all windowing-system-dependent .c (for dependencies and such)
-WINCSRC = $(WINTTYSRC) $(WINCURSESSRC) $(WINX11SRC) $(WINSHIMSRC)
+WINCSRC ?= $(WINTTYSRC) $(WINCURSESSRC) $(WINX11SRC) $(WINSHIMSRC)
 # all windowing-system-dependent .cpp (for dependencies and such)
-WINCXXSRC = $(WINQTSRC) $(WINQT3SRC) $(WINBESRC)
+WINCXXSRC ?= $(WINQTSRC) $(WINQT3SRC) $(WINBESRC)
 
 # Files for window system chaining. Requires SYSCF; include via HINTSRC/HINTOBJ
-CHAINSRC = ../win/chain/wc_chainin.c ../win/chain/wc_chainout.c \
+CHAINSRC ?= ../win/chain/wc_chainin.c ../win/chain/wc_chainout.c \
 	   ../win/chain/wc_trace.c
-CHAINOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)wc_chainin.o $(TARGETPFX)wc_chainout.o \
+CHAINOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)wc_chainin.o $(TARGETPFX)wc_chainout.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)wc_trace.o
 
 # .c files for this version (for date.h)
-VERSOURCES = $(HACKCSRC) $(HACKLIBSRC) $(SYSSRC) $(WINSRC) $(CHAINSRC) $(GENCSRC)
+VERSOURCES ?= $(HACKCSRC) $(HACKLIBSRC) $(SYSSRC) $(WINSRC) $(CHAINSRC) $(GENCSRC)
 
 # .c files for all versions using this Makefile (for lint and tags)
-CSOURCES = $(HACKCSRC) $(HACKLIBSRC) $(SYSCSRC) $(WINCSRC) $(CHAINSRC) $(GENCSRC)
+CSOURCES ?= $(HACKCSRC) $(HACKLIBSRC) $(SYSCSRC) $(WINCSRC) $(CHAINSRC) $(GENCSRC)
 
 
 # all .h files except date.h, which would
 # cause dependency loops if run through "make depend"
 # and dgn_file.h, special level & dungeon files.
 #
-HACKINCL = align.h artifact.h artilist.h attrib.h botl.h \
+HACKINCL ?= align.h artifact.h artilist.h attrib.h botl.h \
 	color.h config.h config1.h context.h coord.h cstd.h decl.h \
 	defsym.h display.h dlb.h dungeon.h engrave.h extern.h flag.h \
 	fnamesiz.h func_tab.h global.h warnings.h hack.h lint.h mextra.h \
@@ -583,16 +579,16 @@ HACKINCL = align.h artifact.h artilist.h attrib.h botl.h \
 	wintty.h wincurs.h winX.h winprocs.h wintype.h you.h youprop.h \
 	weight.h
 
-HSOURCES = $(HACKINCL) dgn_file.h
+HSOURCES ?= $(HACKINCL) dgn_file.h
 
 # the following .o's _must_ be made before any others (for makedefs)
-FIRSTOBJ = monst.o objects.o
-HOSTOBJ = $(FIRSTOBJ) alloc.o drawing.o
+FIRSTOBJ ?= monst.o objects.o
+HOSTOBJ ?= $(FIRSTOBJ) alloc.o drawing.o
 
 #
 # $(TARGETPFX)date.o is not included in this list
 #
-HOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)allmain.o $(TARGETPFX)alloc.o \
+HOBJ ?= $(TARGETPFX)allmain.o $(TARGETPFX)alloc.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)apply.o $(TARGETPFX)artifact.o $(TARGETPFX)attrib.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)ball.o $(TARGETPFX)bones.o $(TARGETPFX)botl.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)calendar.o $(TARGETPFX)cfgfiles.o $(TARGETPFX)cmd.o \
@@ -636,10 +632,10 @@ HOBJ = $(TARGETPFX)allmain.o $(TARGETPFX)alloc.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)wizcmds.o $(TARGETPFX)worm.o $(TARGETPFX)worn.o \
 	$(TARGETPFX)write.o $(TARGETPFX)zap.o \
 	$(REGEXOBJ) $(RANDOBJ) $(SYSOBJ) $(WINOBJ) \
-	$(HINTOBJ) $(SNDLIBOBJ) $(UUIDOBJ) \
+	$(HINTOBJ) $(SNDLIBOBJ) $(UUIDOBJ) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
 	$(TARGETPFX)version.o 
 
-DATE_O = $(TARGETPFX)date.o
+DATE_O ?= $(TARGETPFX)date.o
 
 # the .o files from the HACKCSRC, SYSSRC, and WINSRC lists
 
@@ -657,42 +653,48 @@ pregame: $(RESPONSEFILES)
 $(GAME):	pregame $(MAKEDEFS) $(LUALIB) $(WAVS) $(SYSTEM)
 	@echo "$(GAME) is up to date."
 
-Sysunix: $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+Sysunix: $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Linking $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(TARGET_LINK) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) -o $(GAMEBIN) \
 		$(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(WINLIB) \
 		$(TARGET_LIBS) $(LUALIBS) $(AUTOLIBS)
 	@touch Sysunix
 
-Sys3B2:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+Sys3B2:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Linking $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(TARGET_LINK) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) -o $(GAMEBIN) \
 		$(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(WINLIB) \
 		$(LUALIBS) -lmalloc
 	@touch Sys3B2
 
-Sysatt:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+Sysatt:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Loading $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(LD) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) /lib/crt0s.o /lib/shlib.ifile \
 		-o $(GAMEBIN) $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) \
 		$(LUALIBS)
 	@touch Sysatt
 
-Systos:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+Systos:	$(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Linking $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(TARGET_LINK) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) -o $(GAMEBIN) \
 		$(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) \
 		$(WINLIB) $(LUALIBS)
 	@touch Systos
 
-SysV-AT:	DUMB.Setup $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+SysV-AT: DUMB.Setup $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Linking $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(TARGET_LINK) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) -o $(GAMEBIN) \
 		$(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) \
 		$(WINLIB) $(LUALIBS)
 	@touch SysV-AT
 
-SysBe: $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
+SysBe: $(HOSTOBJ) $(HOBJ) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) $(GENTILEOFILE) \
+		$(DATE_O) $(BUILDMORE) Makefile
 	@echo "Linking $(GAME)."
 	$(AT)$(TARGET_LINK) $(TARGET_LFLAGS) -o $(GAME) \
 		$(HOBJ) $(DATE_O) $(TARGET_HACKLIB) \
@@ -766,7 +768,7 @@ $(MAKEDEFS): $(FIRSTOBJ) \
 #	Created at build time for configurations which support tiles,
 #	but not by makedefs so not connected to the others.
 tile.c: ../win/share/tilemap.c $(HACK_H)
-	@( cd ../util ; $(MAKE) ../src/tile.c )
+	@( cd ../util ; $(MAKE) $(SRCDIR)/tile.c )
 
 #
 # hacklib (a library of utility routines)
@@ -824,7 +826,7 @@ spotless: clean
 	-rm -f ../include/nhlua.h
 	-rm -f ../include/date.h #created but no longer used, at least by core
 	-rm -f ../include/onames.h ../include/pm.h #obsolete generated files
-	-rm -f tile.c *.moc Qt*.h-t
+	-rm -f $(GENTILECFILE) *.moc Qt*.h-t
 	-rm -f ../win/gnome/gn_rip.h
 
 package:
@@ -856,7 +858,7 @@ updatedepend-setup:
 	echo '#include "../$(LUAHEADERS)/lualib.h"' >> $$HFILE && \
 	echo '#include "../$(LUAHEADERS)/lauxlib.h"' >> $$HFILE && \
 	echo '/*nhlua.h*/' >> $$HFILE )
-	@echo "Generating bogus src/tile.c"
+	@echo "Generating bogus $(GENTILECFILE)"
 	@echo '#error bogus include/nhlua.h' > ../../src/tile.c
 	@echo "#include \"hack.h\"" >> ../../src/tile.c
 
@@ -881,7 +883,7 @@ depend2:	$(WINQTMOC)
 	@echo '# see make depend above' >> $(MAKEFILE_NAME)
 	- diff Makefile.bak $(MAKEFILE_NAME)
 	@rm -f Makefile.bak
-	@rm -f ../include/nhlua.h tile.c
+	@rm -f ../include/nhlua.h $(GENTILECFILE)
 
 
 # DO NOT DELETE THIS LINE OR CHANGE ANYTHING BEYOND IT
diff --git a/sys/unix/Makefile.utl b/sys/unix/Makefile.utl
index 4e6091550..d169fa5aa 100644
--- a/sys/unix/Makefile.utl
+++ b/sys/unix/Makefile.utl
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 # Root of source tree:
 NHSROOT=..
+SRCDIR = $(NHSROOT)/src
 
 # newer makes predefine $(MAKE) to 'make' and do smarter processing of
 # recursive make calls if $(MAKE) is used
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ tilemap: tilemap.o $(OBJDIR)/objects.o $(OBJDIR)/monst.o $(OBJDIR)/drawing.o \
 	$(CLINK) $(LFLAGS) -o tilemap tilemap.o $(OBJDIR)/objects.o  \
 		$(OBJDIR)/monst.o  $(OBJDIR)/drawing.o $(HACKLIB) \
 		$(LIBS)
-../src/tile.c: tilemap
+$(SRCDIR)/tile.c: tilemap
 	./tilemap
 
 tiletext.o: ../win/share/tiletext.c $(CONFIG_H) ../win/share/tile.h
diff --git a/sys/unix/hints/include/multiw-2.500 b/sys/unix/hints/include/multiw-2.500
index 01f1fb6c1..b25225a66 100644
--- a/sys/unix/hints/include/multiw-2.500
+++ b/sys/unix/hints/include/multiw-2.500
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ WINSRC =
 WINOBJ0 =
 SND_CFLAGS=
 XTRASRC =
-XTRAOBJ =
 
 ifdef WANT_WIN_TTY
 WINSRC += $(WINTTYSRC)
@@ -105,7 +104,6 @@ WINCFLAGS += -DX11_GRAPHICS
 WINSRC += $(WIINX11SRC)
 WINOBJ0 += $(WINX11OBJ)
 XTRASRC += tile.c
-XTRAOBJ += $(TARGETPFX)tile.o
 endif
 
 ifndef WANT_WIN_QT
@@ -157,7 +155,6 @@ HAVE_SNDLIB = 1
 NEEDS_SND_USERSOUNDS = 1
 NEEDS_SND_SEAUTOMAP = 1
 XTRASRC += tile.c
-XTRAOBJ += $(TARGETPFX)tile.o
 #
 ifndef CPLUSPLUS_NEEDED
 CPLUSPLUS_NEEDED = 1
diff --git a/sys/unix/hints/linux.500 b/sys/unix/hints/linux.500
index d4b095e25..4fb8b453f 100755
--- a/sys/unix/hints/linux.500
+++ b/sys/unix/hints/linux.500
@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@ ifdef WANT_WIN_X11
 USE_XPM=1
 WINX11LIB = -lXaw -lXmu -lXext -lXt -lX11
 VARDATND0 += x11tiles NetHack.ad pet_mark.xbm pilemark.xbm
+GENTILEOFILE = $(SRCDIR)/tile.o
 # -x: if built without dlb, some versions of mkfontdir think *.lev are fonts
 POSTINSTALL += bdftopcf win/X11/nh10.bdf > $(HACKDIR)/nh10.pcf; ( cd $(HACKDIR); mkfontdir -x .lev );
 # separate from CFLAGS so that we don't pass it to every file
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ LINK = $(CC)
 endif	# !WANT_WIN_QT
 
 # prevent duplicate tile.o in WINOBJ
-WINOBJ = $(WINOBJ0) $(sort $(XTRAOBJ))
+WINOBJ = $(WINOBJ0)
 # prevent duplicates in VARDATND if both X11 and Qt are being supported
 VARDATND += $(sort $(VARDATND0))
 
diff --git a/sys/unix/hints/macOS.500 b/sys/unix/hints/macOS.500
index 93af6954d..ebf78788a 100755
--- a/sys/unix/hints/macOS.500
+++ b/sys/unix/hints/macOS.500
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ LINK=$(CC)
 endif	# !WANT_WIN_QT
 
 # prevent duplicate tile.o in WINOBJ
-WINOBJ = $(WINOBJ0) $(sort $(XTRAOBJ))
+WINOBJ = $(WINOBJ0)
 # prevent duplicates in VARDATND if both X11 and Qt are being supported
 VARDATND += $(sort $(VARDATND0))
 
diff --git a/sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh b/sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh
index 01cdb9b72..82e8b91d0 100755
--- a/sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh
+++ b/sys/unix/mkmkfile.sh
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #  $3 install path
 #  $4 hints file (path)
 #  $5 hints file (as given by user)
+#  $6 gnu or bsd
 
 echo "#" > $3
 echo "# This file is generated automatically.  Do not edit." >> $3
@@ -20,6 +21,37 @@ echo "" >> $3
 echo "HINTSFILE=$5" >> $3
 echo "" >> $3
 
+echo "###" >> $3
+echo "### add check for builder include file $6-style" >> $3
+echo "###" >> $3
+echo "" >> $3
+BUILDERINCL=make.prefs
+echo "" >> $3
+case "$6" in
+	"gnu")
+		echo "ifdef MAKEFILE_TOP" >> $3
+		echo "NHSROOT=." >> $3
+		echo "else" >> $3
+		echo "NHSROOT=.." >> $3
+		echo "endif" >> $3
+		echo "ifneq (\"\$(wildcard \$(NHSROOT)/$BUILDERINCL))\",\"\")" >> $3
+		echo "-include \$(NHSROOT)/$BUILDERINCL" >> $3
+		echo "endif" >> $3
+		;;
+	"bsd")
+		echo ".ifdef MAKEFILE_TOP" >> $3
+		echo "NHSROOT=." >> $3
+		echo ".else" >> $3
+		echo "NHSROOT=.." >> $3
+		echo ".endif" >> $3
+		echo ".if exists(\$(NHSROOT)/$BUILDERINCL)" >> $3
+		echo ".include \"\$(NHSROOT)/$BUILDERINCL\"" >> $3
+		echo ".endif" >> $3
+		;;
+	*)
+esac
+echo "" >> $3
+
 echo "###" >> $3
 echo "### Start $5 PRE" >> $3
 echo "###" >> $3
diff --git a/sys/unix/setup.sh b/sys/unix/setup.sh
index 7f5b504e1..6731a12d2 100755
--- a/sys/unix/setup.sh
+++ b/sys/unix/setup.sh
@@ -31,8 +31,15 @@ x)      hints=/dev/null
         ;;
 esac
 
-/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.top TOP ../../Makefile $hints $hfile
-/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.dat DAT ../../dat/Makefile $hints $hfile
-/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.doc DOC ../../doc/Makefile $hints $hfile
-/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.src SRC ../../src/Makefile $hints $hfile
-/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.utl UTL ../../util/Makefile $hints $hfile
+# is make gnu or bsd?
+if make --version 2>/dev/null | grep -q "GNU"; then
+    whichmake=gnu
+else
+    whichmake=bsd
+fi
+
+/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.top TOP ../../Makefile $hints $hfile $whichmake
+/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.dat DAT ../../dat/Makefile $hints $hfile $whichmake
+/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.doc DOC ../../doc/Makefile $hints $hfile $whichmake
+/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.src SRC ../../src/Makefile $hints $hfile $whichmake
+/bin/sh ./mkmkfile.sh Makefile.utl UTL ../../util/Makefile $hints $hfile $whichmake