Change the inner workings of the experimental TTY_PERM_INVENT.
Switch to delivering the content to tty for the experimental perm_invent
via the existing window port interface (start_menu(), add_menu(), end_menu).
This also adds a new window port interface call ctrl_nhwindow() for
delivering information to the window port, and/or obtaining specific
information from the window port. The information and requests can
be extended as required. To be documented later once the changes settle
down.
Due to the intrusive nature of these changes and the possibility of
some bugs in the new code, I'm going to leave TTY_PERM_INVENT commented
out in the repository for a day or two. Anyone wishing to test it out
can do so by uncommenting TTY_PERM_INVENT in config.h.
One of the drivers of this change was that screen coordinates require a
type that can hold values greater than 127. Parameters to the window
port routines require a large type in order to be able to have values
a fair bit larger than COLNO and ROWNO passed to them, particularly for
their use to the right of the map window.
This splits the uses of xchar into 3 different situations, and adjusts
their type and size:
xchar
|
-----------------------
| | |
coordxy xint16 xint8
coordxy: Actual x or y coordinates for various things (moved to 16-bits).
xint16: Same data size as coordxy, but for non-coordinate use (16-bits).
xint8: There are only a few use cases initially, where it was very
plain to see that the variable could remain as 8-bits, rather
than be bumped to 16-bits. There are probably more such cases
that could be changed after additional review.
Note: This first changed all xchar variables to coordxy. Some were
reviewed and got changed to xint16 or xint8 when it became apparent that
their usage was not for coordinates.
This increments EDITLEVEL in patchlevel.h
Add a non-string identifier to window_procs for use in runtime
identification of the current window port being used.
Use a macro WPID to add the identification at the top of the
various existing window_procs declarations. It expands to the
existing text string, as well as the newly added field wp_id
with a wp_ identifier.
For example, WPID(tty) expands to: "tty", wp_tty
The generated wp_tty must be present in the wp_ids enum at
the top of include/winprocs.h.
The WINDOWPORT(x) macro has been updated to expand to a simple
value comparison (port.wp_id == wp_x), instead of a
string comparison.
(user-side decisions really, but as it stands right now
user-side decisions/options are made and processed by the core)
add a parameter to add_menu so color can be passed
For the tty perm_invent boundary box initialiation, instead of doing
one of many assignments that do glyph lookup, do one of many symbol
assignments and one glyph lookup. No change in observable behavior.
Also, use the main dungeon's walls for box rendering instead of
selecting ones for whatever branch the hero happens to be in at the
time perm_invent gets enabled.
> Start with default symbol set and with perm_invent Off.
> Use 'O' to change perm_invent to On. The inventory with
> boundary box lines will briefly appear, then immediately be
> redrawn without those lines.
This starts the tty perm_invent just in time later in the
startup rather than initializing it with the other
game windows.
This also splits the duties:
The core will inquire from the window port about how many
inventory slots it can fill.
The core will handle figuring out the inventory text and
inventory letters, and will do the traversing of internal
data structures like obj chains, and passing customization
options on to the window port.
The window port will look after placing each inventory slot's
text at an appropriate location on the screen.
This, in theory, makes the core-portion available for
window ports other than tty to use, though none currently do.
The decision of what goes in an inventory slot is all left up
to the core with the update_invent_slot interface.
Documentation updates will come later, not at this time.
For a long while, I've noticed that if the first page of corner menu is
quite long, and the second page is much shorter, the content obliterated
by the first page is left missing until the menu is fully dismissed.
This attempts to fix that missing content up.
===========================================================================
BEFORE THIS PATCH - menu Page 1
===========================================================================
Amulets
J - a circular amulet
------------ Weapons
|..........| ------- a - a +0 two-handed sword (weapon in hands)
|..........| |...... b - a +0 axe (alternate weapon; not wielded)
#...........| #....... w - 7 orcish arrows
#|{..........#######|...... G - a battle-axe
#------------ |...... P - 7 ya
### ------- Armor
## c - an uncursed +0 ring mail (being worn)
# E - a splint mail
# Comestibles
------# d - an uncursed food ration
|.....# f - 6 food rations
|....| h - 2 sprigs of wolfsbane
|....| i - a cream pie
|....-### k - 3 tripe rations
|.<..| ###### ############## Scrolls
|.d@..######################## r - a scroll labeled ETAOIN SHRDLU
------ #### u - a scroll labeled PHOL ENDE WODAN
#### z - a scroll labeled XIXAXA XOXAXA XUXAXA
Spellbooks
Wizard the Plunderer St: o - a tan spellbook
Dlvl:1 $:0 HP:16(16) Pw:2(2) AC:7 q - a wrinkled spellbook
v - a thin spellbook
---------------------------------- x - a plain spellbook
|a - +0 two-handed sword (weapon i y - a tan spellbook
|b - +0 axe (alternate weapon; not H - an indigo spellbook
|c - uncursed +0 ring mail (being W - a light blue spellbook
|d - uncursed food ration X - a velvet spellbook
|e - uncursed oil lamp Potions
|f - 6 food rations g - a brilliant blue potion
|g - brilliant blue potion j - a fizzy potion
|h - 2 sprigs of wolfsbane m - an effervescent potion
|i - cream pie B - 2 golden potions
|j - fizzy potion D - a dark green potion
|k - 3 tripe rations I - a bubbly potion
|l - moonstone ring Rings
|m - effervescent potion l - a moonstone ring
|n - tiger eye ring n - a tiger eye ring
|o - tan spellbook Y - a topaz ring
|p - tinning kit Wands
|q - wrinkled spellbook s - a crystal wand
|r - scroll labeled ETAOIN SHRDLU Tools
|s - crystal wand e - an uncursed oil lamp
|t - oil lamp p - a tinning kit
|u - scroll labeled PHOL ENDE WODA t - an oil lamp
|v - thin spellbook A - a stethoscope
|w - 7 orcish arrows C - a bugle
|x - plain spellbook F - an oil lamp
|y - tan spellbook Gems/Stones
|z - scroll labeled XIXAXA XOXAXA L - 4 blue gems
---------------------------------- (1 of 2)
===========================================================================
BEFORE THIS PATCH - menu Page 2
While the second page is displayed, there are gaping missing portions of
the map, status lines, and now the tty perm_invent window.
===========================================================================
V - a white gem
(2 of 2)
------------
|..........| -------
|..........| |......
#...........| #.......
#|{..........#######|......
#------------ |......
### -------
##
#
#
------#
|.....#
|....|
|....|
|....-###
|.<..| ###### ##############
|.d@..########################
------ ####
####
Wizard the Plunderer St:
Dlvl:1 $:0 HP:16(16) Pw:2(2) AC:7
----------------------------------
|a - +0 two-handed sword (weapon i
|b - +0 axe (alternate weapon; not
|c - uncursed +0 ring mail (being
|d - uncursed food ration
|e - uncursed oil lamp
|f - 6 food rations
|g - brilliant blue potion
|h - 2 sprigs of wolfsbane
|i - cream pie
|j - fizzy potion
|k - 3 tripe rations
|l - moonstone ring
|m - effervescent potion
|n - tiger eye ring
|o - tan spellbook
|p - tinning kit
|q - wrinkled spellbook
|r - scroll labeled ETAOIN SHRDLU
|s - crystal wand
|t - oil lamp
|u - scroll labeled PHOL ENDE WODA
|v - thin spellbook
|w - 7 orcish arrows
|x - plain spellbook
|y - tan spellbook
|z - scroll labeled XIXAXA XOXAXA
----------------------------------
===========================================================================
AFTER THIS PATCH - menu Page 2
The obliterated content of the map, status lines, and tty perm_invent
are refreshed prior to displaying menu Page 2.
===========================================================================
V - a white gem
(2 of 2)
------------ ----------------
|..........| --------------- #...............|
|..........| |.............| #|..............|
#...........| #..............| #|........^.....|
#|{..........#######|.........{...| #-+--------------
#------------ |.............| ###############
### -------------.- # #
## # # #####
# ## ----------# --------.-
# # #+........|# |........|
------# # ###|.........# |........|
|.....# # # # |...>....| ####.........|
|....| ----.--######..........#### |........|
|....| |.....|# ---------- |........|
|....-### |.....|# # |........|
|.<..| ###### ###############+......# ----------
|.d@..#########################|.....|#
------ #### -------#
#############
Wizard the Plunderer St:18/01 Dx:16 Co:18 In:8 Wi:8 Ch:6 Chaotic
Dlvl:1 $:0 HP:16(16) Pw:2(2) AC:7 Xp:1 Stressed
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|a - +0 two-handed sword (weapon in hands|A - stethoscope |
|b - +0 axe (alternate weapon; not wielde|B - 2 golden potions |
|c - uncursed +0 ring mail (being worn) |C - bugle |
|d - uncursed food ration |D - dark green potion |
|e - uncursed oil lamp |E - splint mail |
|f - 6 food rations |F - oil lamp |
|g - brilliant blue potion |G - battle-axe |
|h - 2 sprigs of wolfsbane |H - indigo spellbook |
|i - cream pie |I - bubbly potion |
|j - fizzy potion |J - circular amulet |
|k - 3 tripe rations |L - 4 blue gems |
|l - moonstone ring |P - 7 ya |
|m - effervescent potion |V - white gem |
|n - tiger eye ring |W - light blue spellbook |
|o - tan spellbook |X - velvet spellbook |
|p - tinning kit |Y - topaz ring |
|q - wrinkled spellbook | |
|r - scroll labeled ETAOIN SHRDLU | |
|s - crystal wand | |
|t - oil lamp | |
|u - scroll labeled PHOL ENDE WODAN | |
|v - thin spellbook | |
|w - 7 orcish arrows | |
|x - plain spellbook | |
|y - tan spellbook | |
|z - scroll labeled XIXAXA XOXAXA XUXAXA | |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Introducing 'maxslot' at the last second invalidated a ton of prior
testing. This should fix all the modes of tty perm_invent, including
the missing bottom boundary for TTYINV=4 (show in-use items only, an
approximation of Qt's "paper doll" and of the '*' command).
The boundary box characters are set using cmap_to_glyph(S_<wall_type>)
which in theory makes them change depending on which branch of the
dungeon the hero is in. That isn't noticeable since they aren't drawn
as tiles, but it doesn't seem right.
Add a new window-port interface function
perminvent_info *
update_invent_slot(winid window, int slot, perminvent_info *);
That should be nice and flexible and allow exchanges of useful
information between the core and the window port. Information
to be exchange can be easily modified in include/wintype.h as
things evolve.
Information useful to the core can be exchanged from the
window-port in struct to_core.
Information useful from the core to the window-port can be
passed in struct from_core.
I'm not going to update any docs until much later after things
are fully working and settled.
This also doesn't fix or have anything to do with existing
TTY_PERM_INVENT issues.
This checks for 'TTYINV' in the environment and if found, it uses that
as a number describing a bit mask for how to show the perm_invent.
0 = current behavior, a-zA-Z in two columns (I've started referring
to those as panels because "column" is already used a lot);
1 = "show gold" => $a-zA-Z# in two columns; requires 1 more line;
2 = "sparse" => list all letters a-z in the left panel and A-Z in
the right whether there is an item in the slot or not, so that
open slots will be obvious;
3 = 1|2, "sparse" with $a-zA-Z$ instead of just letters;
4 = "in use" => full lines instead of side-by-side panels, listing
only items with non-zero obj->owornmask; currently requires 17
lines instead of 28 (or 29 for show-gold): room for top border,
15 lines of worn/wielded items, and bottom border; normal usage
would be capped at 3 weapon slots, 7 armor slots, and 4 accessory
slots, but it is possible to have more items in use (simplest
case is to pick up the iron ball while punished).
The #4 case isn't displaying its bottom border correctly and I haven't
figured out why.
If this turns out to be useful, perm_invent can become a compound or
some new option for perminv mode could be added.
Modify the error message delivery when too-small so that it works for
both NETHACKOPTIONS or .nethackrc and for 'O'. "Early failure" isn't
very early; using pline() instead of raw_print() ends up writing to
the base window but also works normally when used for failed attempt
to set perm_invent with 'O'.
Fix the off by one error in height which required an extra line that
ended up going unused.
Fix an off by one error in the middle divider. Forcing the same item
from the left column to the right column, I was seeing
"f - an uncursed +0 pair of leather glove" ["s (being worn)" truncated]
"F - an uncursed +0 pair of leather gl"
After the fix I get
"f - an uncursed +0 pair of leather glov"
"F - an uncursed +0 pair of leather glo"
(When terminal width is even, the left side is one character wider
than the right.)
Split the invent window creation code out of tty_create_nhwwindow() to
new routine tty_create_invent(). I came across
if (r == 0 || (newwin->maxrow - 1)
in the process (note lack of 'r ==' in the second part). I'm not sure
what the initialization code is intended to accomplish but missing
that init for the bottom (boundary box) row didn't seem to be causing
any problem.
This forces the required size to be big enough to handle statuslines:3
regardless of what the setting for that is at the time the perm_invent
window is created. When the value is 2, there will be a blank line
between status and the boundary box of perm_invent. When it is 3, the
third line will use that line and the only separator will be the top
boundary box line. Toggling back and forth with 'O' works as expected.
The code for toggling perm_invent when windowtype=="tty" was inserted
into the middle of several switch cases that share 'need_redraw' so
was getting executed for various other options such as 'use_inverse'
that precede it in the list of cases. It was also continuing on to
general feedback for boolean options, reporting "'perm_invent option
toggled on" even if it failed and the option stayed off.
The permanent inventory will be automatically shown if the terminal size
allows.
But only output an error message if the player requested it via
perm_invent option.
Add a rudimentary experimental always-up inventory display
capability to tty when the perm_invent option is in effect.
It requires an additional 28 rows available on the terminal
underneath the bottom status line.
It hasn't been optimized for performance as of yet.
specifies duplicate accelerator keystrokes
Reported and diagnosed nine and half years ago but never fixed.
In the WinGUI-specific help menu (under the titlebar, not nethack's
'?' command), both "&Long description of the game" and "&Longer list
of game options" use &L as accelerator. Typing 'L' or 'l' highlights
one of the entries, then <enter> is needed to execute it or typing
another 'L' or 'l' unhighlights it and highlights the other. Other
accelerators in that menu execute their entries immediately, without
the need for <enter>.
Change the first one to "Long description of the &game" so that 'G'
or 'g' becomes its accelerator.
That menu is missing several things that have been added to the menu
for '?'. I put in placeholder comments for them but won't pursue
them further.
Untested.
I forced a test compile to -std=c++20 mostly to see what we would
be up against. There was only a small number of things and they
are corrected in this commit.
c++20 has some issues with comparisons and bit twiddling between
different enums.
The vendor-supplied Qt5 header files triggered some of those issues as
well, so the qt_pre.h and qt_post.h NetHack header files were adjusted
to make those new warnings go away. I have not tested Qt6 under the
new compiler and c++ version yet.
Because there are multiple pragmas in qt_pre.h now, the conditional
ifdef structure in there was modified a little to make maintenance
simpler and have a single pragma push at the top. The pragma pop
comes after the Qt vendor-supplied header files, and is done
in qt_post.h.
The display.h macro cmap_to_glyph() was used in
a Qt c++ file and triggered a series of warnings because of that.
Rather than write c++20-friendly versions of those macros, the
simple fix is to provide a function on the C side of things
to front the cmap_to_glyph() macro, so fn_cmap_to_glyph()
was added.
Also thrown into this commit, PatR picked up on the fact that for
yesterday's new warning in qt_menu.cpp, the compiler had correctly
picked up on the fact that the format range of the variable 'cash'
had been correctly upper-capped at 999999999L in the warning message
because of an assignment prior. He suggested that perhaps by also adding
if (cash < 0)
cash = 0;
the warning might be eliminated altogether.
After a test, that was proven to be correct, so yesterday's
more-kludgy change is reverted and replaced with that variable
variable restriction ahead of the snprintf().
A test build with gcc-12 cause two new warnings to appear.
mkmaze.c: In function ‘makemaz’:
mkmaze.c:983:44: warning: ‘sprintf’ may write a terminating nul past the end of the destination [-Wformat-overflow=]
983 | Sprintf(protofile, "%s%d-%d", g.dungeons[u.uz.dnum].proto,
| ^
In file included from ../include/config.h:665,
from ../include/hack.h:10,
from mkmaze.c:6:
../include/global.h:262:24: note: ‘sprintf’ output between 4 and 31 bytes into a destination of size 20
262 | #define Sprintf (void) sprintf
mkmaze.c:983:17: note: in expansion of macro ‘Sprintf’
983 | Sprintf(protofile, "%s%d-%d", g.dungeons[u.uz.dnum].proto,
| ^~~~~~~-+
As usual, that one can easily be rectified by replacing it with an Snprintf() call.
There were several Sprintf calls in the vicinity, targeting the same destination
buffer, so I figured that I might as well replace the several.
../win/Qt/qt_menu.cpp: In member function
‘virtual void nethack_qt_::NetHackQtTextWindow::UseRIP(int, time_t)’:
../win/Qt/qt_menu.cpp:1082:63: warning:
‘%ld’ directive output may be truncated writing between 1 and 20 bytes into a region
of size 17 [-Wformat-truncation=]
1082 | (void) snprintf(rip_line[GOLD_LINE], STONE_LINE_LEN + 1, "%ld Au", cash);
| ^~~
../win/Qt/qt_menu.cpp:1082:62: note: directive argument in the range [-9223372036854775808, 999999999]
1082 | (void) snprintf(rip_line[GOLD_LINE], STONE_LINE_LEN + 1, "%ld Au", cash);
| ^~~~~~~~
../win/Qt/qt_menu.cpp:1082:20: note: ‘snprintf’ output between 5 and 24 bytes into a destination of size 17
1082 | (void) snprintf(rip_line[GOLD_LINE], STONE_LINE_LEN + 1, "%ld Au", cash);
| ~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
That one was a little different. It wasn't complaining about the destination buffer
size in the way -Wformat-overflow was on the previous warning from gcc, and it
was already using snprintf().
It looks like what the C++ compiler was warning about there, was that snprintf()
informs you after-the-call that the destination buffer was too small for the
result string to be fully written. It informs the developer of that by returning
the number of characters that would have been written if the buffer had been big
enough. Presumably, the C++ compiler picked up on the fact that the return value
was being cast to void, thus throwing away that truncation information from the
return value.
Worked around it by putting the return value into a variable, and flagging the
variable with nhUse(variable) so as not to exchange the -Wformat-truncation
warning with a variable-set-but-not-used warning.
starting screen (Issue #783)
On 2022-06-01 12:22 p.m., NetSysFire wrote:
> Steps to reproduce:
>
>1. Get any prompt and answer it. In my case it was a horribly old
> save I forgot about or when I wiztested something and forgot
> about that save, too.
>2. See that the copyright information got overwritten by the prompt:
>
>There is already a game in progress under your name. Destroy old game? [yn] (n)
> By Stichting Mathematisch Centrum and M. Stephenson.
> Version 3.7.0-59 Unix Work-in-progress, built May 31 2022 12:28:31.
> See license for details.
>
>
> Shall I pick character's race, role, gender and alignment for you? [ynaq]
>
> Expected behavior:
>
> Redraw after a prompt was answered, so the prompt vanishes and the
> entirety of the starting screen will be shown.
>
> NetHack, Copyright 1985-2022
> By Stichting Mathematisch Centrum and M. Stephenson.
> Version 3.7.0-59 Unix Work-in-progress, built May 31 2022 12:28:31.
> See license for details.
>
>
> Shall I pick character's race, role, gender and alignment for you? [ynaq]
>
> Proposed severity: low. Not gamebreaking, it is cosmetic only and does
> not have any other consequences.
>
The Copyright notice is placed by tty internal routines writing onto
the BASE_WINDOW fairly early in the startup sequence.
The prompt to "Destroy old game? [yn] (n)" is using the in-game
routine to write to the message window at the top of the screen and
prompt there, just like in-game prompts and messages.
If the player answered 'y' to that, the prompt for
"Shall I pick character's race, role, gender and alignment..."
appeared immediately after. That one, however, is written using
the BASE_WINDOW routines in tty, like the copyright notice.
This change does the following:
It moves the copyright lines down a little bit leaving room for the
"Destroy.." prompts.
It places the "Shall I pick characters's..." prompt further down the
screen by default, leaving some room for about 3 raw_print startup
messages after the copyright notice, just in case there are any.
The "Shall I pick character's..." prompt will still appear immediately
if there is a prompt such as "Destroy old game?..."
There were a couple of other issues around raw_print startup messages
too. Those are delivered using a raw_print mechanism to ensure they
are written even if the window-port is not fully operational. However,
they were only on the screen for the blink of an eye. This call
sequence in restore.c made them disappear almost immediately:
docrt() -> cls()
Put in a mechanism to detect the presence of raw_print messages
from the early startup, and if there were some, wait for a
keypress before obliterating the unread notifications.
Add new routine 're_alloc()' that functions as MONITOR_HEAP-aware
libc realloc(). 'nhrealloc()' is the version that passes source
file and line info if built with MONITOR_HEAP enabled. The heaplog
data might now contain '<' (freed by realloc), '>' (replacement
allocation by realloc), and '*' (resized by realloc) entries in
addition to the previous '+' (allocated) and '-' (freed) entries.
heaputil has already been updated in the NHinternal repository.
Move FITSint_() and FITSuint_() from hacklib.c to alloc.c so that
they can be accessed by miscellaneous utility programs.
Remove three or four copies of FITSint_() that were duplicated in
utility programs like dlb and tile2bmp due to those not having
access to src/hacklib.o. They do have access to src/alloc.o (and
util/panic.o).
original code:
if (linestart && (*cp & 0x80) != 0) {
g_putch(*cp);
end_glyphout();
linestart = FALSE;
} else {
(void) putchar(*cp);
}
new code:
if (linestart) {
if (SYMHANDLING(H_UTF8)) {
/* FIXME: what is actually in that line? is it the \GNNNNNNNN or UTF-8? */
g_putch(*cp);
} else if ((*cp & 0x80) != 0) {
g_putch(*cp);
end_glyphout();
}
linestart = FALSE;
} else {
(void) putchar(*cp);
}
The new code didn't output a character if linestart was true and the character did
not have bit 0x80 set.
fixed code:
if (linestart) {
if (SYMHANDLING(H_UTF8)) {
/* FIXME: what is actually in that line? is it the \GNNNNNNNN or UTF-8? */
g_putch(*cp);
} else if ((*cp & 0x80) != 0) {
g_putch(*cp);
end_glyphout();
} else {
(void) putchar(*cp);
}
linestart = FALSE;
} else {
(void) putchar(*cp);
}
The preprocessor directives in win/tty/wintty.c were crossed-up
under MSDOS build. I think I got them straightened out now.
For a crosscompile situation, the tilemap utility (which runs on
the host) needs to produce an output src/tile.c that is compatible
for the target platform.
Don't use ENHANCED_SYMBOLS under MSDOS, for now anyway.
A new feature, enabled by default to maximize testing, but one which can
be disabled by commenting it out in config.h
With this, some additional information is added to the glyphmap entries
in a new optional substructure called u with these fields:
ucolor RGB color for use with truecolor terminals/platforms.
A ucolor value of zero means "not set." The actual
rgb value of 0 has the 0x1000000 bit set.
u256coloridx 256 color index value for use with 256 color
terminals, the closest color match to ucolor.
utf8str Custom representation via utf-8 string (can be null).
There is a new symset included in the symbols file, called enhanced1.
Some initial code has been added to parse individual
OPTIONS=glyph:glyphid/R-G-B entries in the config file.
The glyphid can, in theory, either be an individual glyph (G_* glyphid)
for a single glyph, or it can be an existing symbol S_ value
(monster, object, or cmap symbol) to store the custom representation for
all the glyphs that match that symbol.
Examples:
OPTIONS=glyph:G_fountain/U+03A8/0-150-255
(Your platform/terminal font needs to be able to include/display the
character, of course.)
The NetHack core code does parsing and storing the customized
entries, and adding them to the glyphmap data structure.
Any window port can utilize the additional information in the glyphinfo
that is passed to them, once code is added to do so.
Also, consolidate some symbol-related code into symbols.c, and remove it from
files.c and options.c
When trap detection finds trapped doors and trapped chests, it shows
those as bear traps. When the hero comes within view, they revert to
normal and the detected trap is forgotten. This doesn't change that,
it is just groundwork to be able to show them distinctly. Like the
TT_BEARTRAP patch, it increments EDITLEVEL so this seemed like a good
time to put the groudwork in place.
There shouldn't be any visible changes even though internal glyph and
tile values have been renumbered after inserting two new entries.
Adding traps after S_vibrating_square was quite a hassle and suffered
though a couple of off-by-one errors that weren't trivial to find and
fix.
